1. Nā Ana Hana Electromagnetic (EMFs)

ʻO ke kūlana o ka ʻoihana no nā noi wai ʻona a me ka ʻoihana, hoʻohana ʻo EMF i ke kānāwai Faraday o ka electromagnetic induction e ana i ka kahe i nā wai conductive me ka ʻole o nā ʻāpana neʻe.

• Pono: ± 0.5% o ka heluhelu a i ʻole ka maikaʻi
• Ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi: 5 μS/cm
• He kūpono no: ʻO ka ʻōpala, ka ʻōpala maka, a me ke ana ʻana o ka luawai i mālama ʻia

2. Wehe Kanal Flowmeters

No nā noi nele i nā paipu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, hoʻohui kēia mau ʻōnaehana i nā mea hana mua (flumes/weirs) me nā mea ʻike kiʻekiʻe e helu i nā kahe kahe.

• Nā ʻano maʻamau: Parshall flumes, V-notch weirs
• Pono: ± 2-5% ma muli o ke kau ʻana
• ʻO ka maikaʻi loa no: ʻO ka wai ʻino, nā ʻauwai hoʻohāhā, a me nā ʻōnaehana hānai ʻumekaumaha

1. Nā mika pH/ORP

Pono no ka mālama ʻana i ka effluent i loko o nā palena hoʻoponopono (maʻamau ka pH 6-9) a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hiki ke hoʻemi i ka hoʻoemi ʻana i nā hana lapaʻau.

• Electrode ola: 6-12 mahina i ka wai ʻino
• Manaʻo ʻia nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻakomi no ka pale ʻana i ka fouling
• ʻO ka laulā ORP: -2000 a +2000 mV no ka nānā ʻana i ka wai ʻino piha

2. Meter Conductivity

Ke ana i ka nui o nā mea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (TDS) a me ka ʻike ionic, e hāʻawi ana i nā manaʻo manaʻo koke e pili ana i nā ukana kemika a me ka paʻakai i nā kahawai wai.

3. Nā Meka Oxygen Dissolved (DO).

He mea koʻikoʻi no nā kaʻina hana mālama ola aerobic, me nā mea ʻike maka i kēia manawa ma mua o nā ʻano membrane kuʻuna i nā noi wai.

• Nā mea maikaʻi o ka sensor optical: ʻAʻohe membrane, mālama liʻiliʻi
• Ka laulā maʻamau: 0-20 mg/L (0-200% saturation)
• Pono: ± 0.1 mg/L no ka hoʻomalu kaʻina hana

4. COD Analyzers

ʻO ke ana ʻana o ka Chemical Oxygen Demand ka mea maʻamau no ka loiloi ʻana i ka ukana pollutant organik, me nā mea loiloi hou e hāʻawi ana i nā hopena i loko o 2 mau hola me nā hana kuʻuna 4-hola.

5. Ka huina o ka Phosphorus (TP) Analyzers

Hāʻawi nā ʻano colorimetric kiʻekiʻe me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā reagents molybdenum-antimony i nā palena ʻike ma lalo o 0.01 mg/L, pono no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi koʻikoʻi e wehe i nā meaʻai.

6. Nā Analyzers Ammonia Nitrogen (NH₃-N).

Hoʻopau nā ʻano kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi salicylic acid hou i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mercury me ka mālama ʻana i ka pololei ± 2% no ka nānā ʻana i ka ammonia i ka mana, ka hoʻokele kaʻina hana, a me nā kahawai effluent.

1. Nā mea hoʻouna pae Submersible

Hāʻawi nā mea ʻike i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a i ʻole ka seramika i ke ana pae hilinaʻi i nā noi wai maʻemaʻe, me nā hale titanium i loaʻa no nā kaiapuni corrosive.

• Ka pololei maʻamau: ± 0.25% FS
• ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia no: ʻO nā pākeʻe lepo a i ʻole ka wai ʻona momona

2. Nā mea kani kani kani kani

ʻO ka hopena pili ʻole no ka nānā ʻana i ka pae wai ʻino maʻamau, me ka uku wela no nā mea hoʻokomo waho. Pono ʻo 30° beam angle no ka hana maikaʻi loa ma nā pahu a me nā kahawai.

3. Radar Level Sensors

Hoʻokomo ka ʻenehana radar 26 GHz a i ʻole 80 GHz i ka huʻihuʻi, ka mahu, a me ka ʻinoʻino o ka ʻili, e hāʻawi ana i nā heluhelu pae hilinaʻi loa i nā kūlana wai ʻino paʻakikī.

• Pono: ± 3mm a i ʻole 0.1% o ka laulā
• He kūpono no: Nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe mua, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, a me nā awāwa effluent hope loa