ʻO ka wai maʻemaʻe e pili ana i ka H2O me ka haumia ʻole, ʻo ia ka wai maʻemaʻe a i ʻole ka wai maʻemaʻe no ka pōkole. He wai maʻemaʻe a maʻemaʻe me ka haumia ʻole a i ʻole bacteria. Hana ʻia ia me ka wai i kūpono i nā kūlana maʻemaʻe o ka wai inu home e ke ʻano electrodialyzer maka, ke ʻano hoʻololi ion, ke ʻano osmosis reverse, ke ʻano distillation, a me nā ʻano hana kūpono ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā ʻoe ke inu pololei.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka hoʻomaikaʻi mau ʻana o ka pae moʻomeheu o ka poʻe, ke kūlana ola, a me ka pae ʻai, ua hoʻololi nā kānaka mai nā koi ola maʻamau e like me ka meaʻai a me nā lole i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā huahana ola kūlohelohe a olakino. No ka wai inu koʻikoʻi i ke ola o nā kānaka, ʻike maopopo ʻia ka hana. I kēia manawa, ua hōʻea ka mākeke o ka wai inu i ka ʻoihana meaʻai a me ka mea inu i 40%. I waena o lākou, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai maʻemaʻe ma mua o 1/3. No laila, pono e nānā ʻia a nānā ʻia ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa o ka hana wai maʻemaʻe i ka manawa maoli i mea e hōʻoia ai i ka wai maʻemaʻe i kau ʻia ma ka mākeke he maʻemaʻe, maʻemaʻe a me nā huahana kūpono e pili ana i nā kānāwai a me nā lula pili.
Ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka wai maʻemaʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke ana i nā mīkini kahe electromagnetic maʻamau.
Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻohana maʻamau electromagnetic flowmeters, hiki i Sinomeasure ke hāʻawi i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe turbine i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka clamp-mounted flowmeters a i ʻole ultrasonic flowmeters me ka haki ʻole o ka paipu e like me ka pono o ka mea kūʻai aku no ke ana wai maʻemaʻe.